SAILEYA (Lichen)
Saileya consists of the whole thallus of Parmelia perlata (Huds.) Ach. (Fam. Parmeliacem), a perennial lichen found on rocks or dead wood in temperate Himalayas.
SYNONYMS
Sansk. : Sitasiva, Silapuspa
Assam. : —
Beng. : Shailaj
Eng. : Stone Flower, Rock Moss
Guj. : Patthar Phool, Chhadilo
Hindi. : Charela, Chharila, Chhadila
Kan. : Shilapushpa, Kalluhoo
Kash. : —
Mal. : Sheleyam, Kalppuvu
Mar. : Dagad phool
Ori. : —
Punj. : Ausneh, Chhadila
Tam. : Kalpashee
Tel. : Ratipuvvu
Urdu. : Chhadila
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Thallus consists of a flattened, foliose structure with a more or less deeply incised upper surface, yellowish-white on top and black on the lower surface, leathery to touch; delicate rhizoids arise from lower surface; odour and taste not distinct; bud-like bodies known as soredia are also present on the upper surface of the thallus.
b) Microscopic
Thallus shows upper cortex consisting of compact hyphm of fungus, followed by gonidial layers with algal cells; medulla consisting of loosely arranged mass of fungal hyphal tissue; lower cortex black, consisting of compact mass of fungal hyphm; a few asci with ascospores embedded in the upper portion of the thallus; thallus on soaking in water gives orange colour.
Powder – Brown, shows fungal hyphm, gonidia, compact mass of cortex and spores, and algal cells.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.2
Total ash Not more than 9 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.3
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 3 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.4
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 4 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.6
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 5 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.7
T.L.C. –
T.L.C. of the alcoholic extract on Silica gel ‘G’ plate using n-Butanol : Acetic acid: Water (4: 1 : 5) shows in visible light four spots at Rf. 0.11, 0.28, 0.40, 0.91. (all grey). Under U.V. (366 nm) six fluorescent zones are visible at Rf. 0.11(dark blue), 0.28 (dark blue), 0.40, 0.61 (both blue), 0.83 (dirty yellow) and 0.91 (light yellow). On exposure to Iodine vapour six appear at Rf. 0.11, 0.28, 0.40, 0.61, 0.83 and 0.91 (all yellow). On spraying with 5% Methanolic-Sulphuric acid reagent and on heating the plate for ten minutes at 105°C six spots appear at Rf. 0.11, 0.28, 0.40, 0.61, 0.83 and 0.91 (all grey) ..
CONSTITUENTS – Lichen acids – Atranorin and Lecanoric acid.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Tikta, Kasaya
Guna : Laghu, Snigdha
Virya : Sita
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Hrdya, Pittahara., Rucya, Stambhaka, Kaphapitthara
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Vasacandanadi Taila, Jirakadi Modaka, Saubhagya Sunthi, Candanadi Taila, Dhanvantara Taila, Narayana Taila, Mahanarayana Taila, Tarksya Guda, Agarvadya Taila, Saileyadi Taila, Mrtasanjivani Sura, Dnjana Vati.
THERAPEUTIC USES – Kandu, Kustha, Asmari, Daha, Visa, Hrllasa, Trsna, Vrana, Hrdayaroga, Rakta Vikara, Svasa, Jvara, Mutrakrchra, Mutraghata, Sriah Sula.
DOSE – 1-3 g.
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